Tracheitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the trachea. There are acute and chronic tracheitis.
Acute tracheitis is rarely isolated, it usually occurs in conjunction with acute rhinitis, pharyngitis and laryngitis. The most common cause of acute tracheitis is a viral infection, rarely staphylococcus, streptococcus, etc. Development tracheitis contribute to the inhalation of dry, cold or dusty air, irritating fumes and gases. Morphological changes in the trachea in acute tracheitis characterized by edema, infiltration and hyperemia of the mucous membrane on the surface which can detect concentrations of mucus, in some cases (eg, influenza) – dot hemorrhages.
Chronic tracheitis may develop from acute. Often it occurs in individuals who abuse tobacco and alcohol, as well as stagnation in the airways on the basis of emphysema, heart disease, kidney disease, are often the cause of his chronic inflammatory diseases of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In chronic tracheitis may occur as hypertrophic and atrophic changes in the mucosa of the trachea. Hypertrophic tracheitis is characterized by vasodilatation and swelling of the mucous membrane, enhanced release of mucus and purulent sputum. When atrophy of the mucous membrane becomes thinner, acquires a grayish color, is smooth, shiny, sometimes covered with small crusts, causing painful cough. Atrophic chronic tracheitis usually is accompanied by atrophy of the mucous membrane of respiratory tract upstream.
Treatment tracheitis
Acute tracheitis. Treatment should be aimed primarily at addressing the causes and factors contributing to the emergence of tracheitis. The patient was prescribed mustard plasters on the chest, with the symptoms of intoxication or distribution process to the lower respiratory tract – sulfanilamidnye drugs and antibiotics, including in the form of aerosols, with painful coughs – codeine, libeksin, if difficult, sputum discharge – expectorants – herb Thermopsis, Althea root, licorice, etc., alkaline inhalation. Forecast uncomplicated acute tracheitis with timely treatment is usually favorable – in 1-2 weeks. begins recovery.
Chronic tracheitis. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic tracheitis based on the same principles as for an acute process. In addition, chronic tracheitis use oil-alkaline inhalation, as well as climatic treatment. The prognosis for recovery with timely and correct treatment more favorable.
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