MEDICAL

Bruise – the phenomenon of an unpleasant, especially if placed in a conspicuous place.

There are many ways to help avoid bruising and to reduce the size bruise, bruise, if you already have.

We will not talk about the serious injuries that require assistance trauma surgeon. We just show you how to try to prevent the bruising and reduce the size bruise, a bruise if you already have.

Bruises usually occur as a result of direct trauma (for example, when you hit or you hit yourself).

A fresh bruise is blue-black color, the third-fourth day, he gets a greenish tint, and a week later turn yellow. Bruise – the phenomenon of an unpleasant, especially if placed in a conspicuous place. There are many ways to help avoid bruising and accelerate their healing.

Cold

If you earned only a bruise that must be applied to bruised place something cold. This is an old and very common way. And it should be noted right. By applying cold objects to the site of the alleged bruise, you constricts blood vessels, stops bleeding within the damaged area, and have a chance to prevent the appearance of edema, or reduce the size of a bruise.

We recommend you do a cold compress or applying bags of ice.

Place a patient can make tin can, if you do not have ice. If a bruise on his eye, the bank attach to the cheek, that next to a bruise, but not directly at him. If the bruise should appear on the fingers or toes, you need to delete them in cold water.

‘Cold’ place bruise makes sense only in the first day. Then you need to do warm compresses. Soak bruise, will accelerate the resorption bruise. However, compresses should be just warm, not hot.

Vitamin K on bruising

Look at pharmacies, special creams from bruises with vitamin C. The cream penetrates the skin and provides a place bruised vitamin K, which requires your body to decompose and recycle the blood flowed. To rub cream with vitamin K in a bruise after injury and then twice a day until the bruise will not disappear.

But do not think that the same good result will the use of foods rich in these vitamins. Studies have shown that such food does not create a sufficiently high concentration of vitamin A to produce a noticeable effect.

Immunity from bruises

Strengthen the immune system, including the appearance of bruises on the body, you can use vitamin C. It bruises popping it in people who do not receive enough vitamin C. If you are tormented by the bruises, then you need more, take this vitamin. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, but if this fails, try taking a multivitamin.

If you choose to take vitamins in capsule form, consult your doctor. Large doses of vitamin C increase the risk of kidney stones. To avoid this, be sure to drink more water when taking vitamin C.

Plus a few tips

1.  Injured limb should be raised higher (for example, lay on the pillows). This action will reduce the flow of blood. This event is necessary to conduct several times a day.

2.  Do not take aspirin or other medicines that help blood thinners. Acceptance of these drugs can worsen bruises.

3.  Do not drink alcohol. Alcohol dilates vessels that will not help heal bruises.

Please note that if you have a bruise on his eye (and even more so if the two), a doctor should go necessarily, because This injury could severely affect your vision. Doctor should be visited and, if a bruise does not go for a long time, or if you have a bruise there by themselves and quite regularly.

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To properly care for the skin and prevent premature aging of it, above all, it is necessary to determine skin type.

The skin may be normal, dry, oily, and mixed type, but it is the most primitive and conditioned modern classifications, in fact, today there are over 20 types of skin, which can identify only by specialists.

If you do not know what kind of your skin, we suggest to resort to traditional and simple test for fat content.

This test is conducted with clean skin, without makeup and cream, at room temperature, an hour after washing (and without the use of soap) when the natural oils film, remote water is restored. To do this test need sheet of tissue paper (in extreme cases, you can use thin paper napkin).

Leaf is applied first to the T-zone (forehead, nose, chin), then to the right and left cheeks, slightly pushing down and away without too much pressure, so that on a piece of paper remaining five spots located in the same manner as the dice .

Warning: oiliness of the skin is constantly changing, so periodically check your skin for type of fat!

Talk about extreme fat versions of the skin.

Dry skin

Typically, the skin contains 10-20% water. If this figure is below 10%, the skin becomes brittle, cracks easily, many people especially the skin becomes dry on the face, hands, (especially palms), feet and other open areas. Aging, illness, poor nutrition and hormonal disorders significantly affect the dryness of the skin. Dryness is expressed in the coarsening, peeling and cracking of the skin, making it less elastic than normal, and dry to the touch. Cold and dry climate or season worsen the skin condition.

The main factors influencing the dryness of the skin:

The main secret of the young, fresh and clean skin – it has never suffered from lack of moisture. Water is essential to our skin cells, it plays an important role in biochemical processes and creates optimal conditions for the functioning of cells.

Recommendations for the care of dry skin:

A few words "to protect" phospho-lipid mantle: there are several explanations for violations of its integrity:

For moistening the surface layers of the skin should use moisturizers. The process of wetting the deep layers of the skin and restore the skin’s ability to retain moisture can be activated using tabletizirovannyh cosmetics containing specific substances – polysaccharides. Because the skin is not able to break down the ingredients like the digestive system, nutrients herbs and plants should always be selected, processed and blended with moisturizer. Good nutrients dampening means: allantoin, amino acids, jojoba oil, extract of royal jelly, fatty acids (stearic acid), squalene, oil sprouted wheat, aloe vera and vitamin E.

What photoinduced aging?

Oily Skin

The most common problem of oily skin – it is acne, a skin disorder and is usually associated with young age, although there may be a cause of discomfort, and 20, and 30, and 40 years.

Pimple occurs when excessive activity of the sebaceous gland when it is allocating commingled with dust and dead skin cells and clog the pores or hair follicles.

Therefore, you need to wash several times a day with a special cleanser for oily skin to reduce fat content to a minimum.

Cosmetics designed to exfoliate (remove the top layer of dead cells), useful for the release of clogged pores and remove deeply penetrated the dust and bacteria. They also help to remove the accumulation of fat in the skin.

People with oily skin usually large pores, with both men and women.

Although the size of pores, usually inherited, pores may be damaged and expand pimples and squeezing blackheads.

In the process of aging skin is relaxed, which also increases the pore.

Binders, air fresheners, toners, hardeners and cleaners are designed to reduce and minimize pores.

Alcohol, which is their main ingredient, rapidly evaporates from the skin, providing a cooling effect and temporarily "sealing" the pores. Hazelnut has a similar effect.

If you care for oily skin use astringent, which removes excess fat from the skin. That you will not only be able to get rid of spots, blackheads and greasy luster, but also to preserve the softness characteristic for oily skin.

Avoid cosmetic products with chemical ingredients that may cause unnecessary harm degreasing.

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Spring – is not only the season of warmth, romance, love and entertainment, but also the beginning of a new season of "depriving the Rose".

Pink zoster is an infectious disease in which the body appears many small pink spots. Occurs at any age, but more often in young people. Disease malozaraznoe rarely get sick family members.

Why did this happen?

The cause of pink lichen unknown. The development of the disease contributes to cold. Outbreaks of disease were more frequently in spring and autumn. In people with weakened immune disease may occur repeatedly.

What’s happening?

The illness begins with appearance of the skin of the trunk of a single large round pink spot diameter of two cm or more, the central part of which gradually acquires a yellowish tint, as it shrinks and begins to gently exfoliate.

Usually within 7-10 days after the first spots on the skin having multiple small oval pink spots. The most abundant rash on the sides of the torso, back, shoulders and hips. For the characteristic rash peeling in the center of the spots, resembling a crumpled tissue paper. Some spots do not merge with each other. Typically, patients are concerned only a small itch.

Duration of disease 4-6 weeks, after which the rash spontaneously disappear.

When bad treatment, frequent washing, as well as increased sweating, and in those with allergic reactions rash may persist for much longer.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is a dermatologist at the examination, other research is not required.

Treatment

Often the disease runs its own, without treatment. Patients are not encouraged to take a bath (bathing is possible, but use for this mild detergent). Independently apply ointments and pastes are not recommended, this may lead to further spread the rash.

In the period of the disease is not recommended to stay in the sun. Do not wear synthetic clothing.

If a strong itch can be used allergy drugs.

In rare cases, patients with reduced immunity or incorrect treatment, possible complications of the disease with increasing temperature. This doctor may be further antibiotics.

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But as soon as warm weather, doctors lining up the queue of people who can not wear open shoes.

Nail fungus – a disease that can not be concealed. The most common myths dispels specialist, wrote AIF.

Myth 1. Infection with the fungus can be identified by the appearance of skin and nails

- One can only assume that it exists, – says Victoria Rukavishnikova, PhD, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Mycology SSC Rosmedtechnology. - The fact that the nails may change under the influence of physical and chemical factors, domestic work, due to drug intake, stress. Fungus is able to depict psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and so many people for years unsuccessfully treated for fungus, they take strong medicine, but actually a completely different diagnosis. According be the same reason to engage in self-medicate. If you suspect a fungus necessarily need to see a doctor – only he determines that you have a disease.

Fungus affects the skin and nails. The skin usually appears peeling – in the form of plates, rings, may be mukovidnym (when the grooves of the skin as if sprinkled with flour). Perhaps the emergence of bubbles, which can suppurate and opened. Nails can thicken, crumble, as if separated from the nail bed, change the color.

Myth 2. Gribkov often infected in the bath or pool

In these places actually increased humidity, steams the skin and is easily separated from the body of an infected person, its particles are deposited on the floor, where can "cling" to the feet of other visitors. However, the danger lies in wait for you at every turn. If you wear clothes that come in contact with the body of the patient, wipe with a towel, which he recently he dried himself, too, can pick up the fungus. Everyone knows that you can not wear someone else’s shoes. Including slippers that you offer to guests. Bear! Barefoot walking is also not a solution – particles of skin with mushrooms can get you off the floor. Protect you can usually socks. But better not nylon – they are too thin and detain sweat. Measure shoes in a store is better on cotton socks.

- Can become infected in public transport via rail, for which held the patient – warns Victoria Rukavishnikova. - We had a patient, who picked up a fungus in a fitness club through the simulators. He lies in wait for you even on the beach – sand is mixed with particles of the patient skin. The source of infection may be even sunbeds. Our patient, who sat in a lawn chair on the buttocks formed pockets of fungi, which usually affects the foot. Exit – go to the beach with their shoes and a towel. Last to regularly wash and proglazhivat moist iron (or otparivat), because the fungi are killed at 100 degrees.

Myth 3. If you find mold, you must throw out all my shoes

No, enough to handle it. There is a special apparatus, which is placed in the shoe, provides ultraviolet and has antifungal effects. The sun and the battery, by the way, mushrooms do not kill. You can process the shoes within 40% solution of vinegar (vinegar essence for this breed of water), or buy low-cost domestic resources for processing in the pharmacy. For example, the liquid "Samarovka" or 1% chlorhexidine digluconate (gibitan). Wipe the inside of their shoes, hold it in an airtight package for 2-3 hours. Another option – to process Shoes 25%-s formaldehyde. After footwear should wipe ammonia – this reduces the risk of allergies. Underwear and linen, stockings, socks, tights and more sanitized, washed and, if possible, ironed damp.

Myth 4. Fungus can not be cured completely

The worse the immune system and the more human chronic diseases, the harder it is to get rid of fungus. In some cases, he affects the folds of the arms, legs, stomach, chest. In one case, five fungus goes from feet to hands. However, in most cases it is curable.

The rest – those who can not be treated because of poor health – can make the disease noncontagious: soak your nails with a 5% iodine and treat skin.

Myth 5. Fungus can be treated for 1 time using the therapeutic creams, nail polish

Rapid recovery is only possible if the disease has just begun, you have very sensitive skin, which easily penetrates cream, and if the nails are just amazed at the edge – they are easy to cut, and the remainder of the grease paint treatment. These conditions malovypolnimy, and given that the fungus penetrates deep into the nails, which are fully updated, on average for 3 months, a rapid cure is impossible.

If the fungus struck only the skin and not more than two nails on the edge, which can be cut off, usually you can get an external treatment.

In the remaining cases are assigned and domestic products. By the way, when a person is treated, it is usually not contagious.

By the way

If you are not sure – suddenly became infected with fungus, as soon as they arrived from the pool (another place where they could get), wipe the feet with vinegar or lemon juice or grease antifungal cream. Crisis option: a teaspoon of any cream (approximately 5 g), mix with 5-7 drops of lemon juice.

Who is most easily catches fungus

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It is always easier to prevent the problem. What then to try to solve it.

So it’s best to follow the simple rules, and then your hair is not poredeyut. Hair loss can begin on a variety of reasons. For example, if you do not wear a winter hat, then this can lead to muscle diseases of hair roots, resulting in the hair begins to thin. Do not wear hats close, blood circulation, and hence the power of hair. In addition, these hats may impede access of air to the hair, wrote ukr.net.

Hair loss hair are tightly tightening hair (braided tight braids, tight tails). Do not parted for long periods in the same place, as in this case, the hair parted in the middle poredeyut.

Can not be laid, comb or braid damp hair. They are very fragile and easily break and fall out.

It should be noted that to prevent hair loss or to try to halt its own can only be in cases where it is due to improper or inadequate care of hair, a violation of the sebaceous and sweat glands, malnutrition hair roots. When hair loss is associated with a disease of the whole organism or individual organs must go to the doctor and undergo treatment.

Many recipes for the suspension of hair loss can be found in folk medicine.

When hair loss are most often used infusions for rubbing into the scalp. The effectiveness of such treatment would be higher if a course. Decoctions should rub 2 times a week for 1 month.

Recipes rubbing Hair:

The broth from 100 g of chopped fresh or dried nettle leaves is poured in 0.5 liter of water and vinegar. Boil 30 minutes. Insist 40 minutes, filter.

2 tablespoons of oak bark and peels of onions pour 1 liter of boiled water and keep the fire within 1 hour. Cool and moisten the hair.

If you have hair fall beams used for rubbing the tincture of red peppers. To prepare the tincture 1 part red pepper is poured in 10 installments of 70-degrees of alcohol, insist 6-7 days and filter. Then tincture is diluted in 10 parts of boiled water and 2-3 times a week (preferably overnight) rubbed into the skin of the scalp.

After washing, rinse the hair very useful decoction of the following composition: Take to 4 parts of calendula flowers and shredded burdock roots, 3 parts of hop cones (should get about 50 grams of this collection), add 1 liter of water and boil for 10 minutes. After 30 minutes, strain.

It is very effective kind of recipe. Wash your hair with warm water without soap, and then gently massage the scalp, rubbing it for 10-15 minutes, cooking salt, then rinse hair thoroughly with water.

To treat hair loss and masks are used to make, as a rule, regularly, every 2-3 weeks. But be careful with hair color, because it can be slightly changed, especially for blondes.

Mask for blonde hair

1 tablespoon henna (no slides) to mix with 1 tablespoon of boiling water, 1 tablespoon yogurt, a couple of cloves of crushed garlic, 1 / 2 teaspoon cocoa, 1 teaspoon of honey. All mix thoroughly, then to the mass obtained add 1 egg and mix again.

Mask for dark hair

Tobacco from a cigarette to pour in 0.5 cups strong brewed tea. Add to 1 tablespoon of henna and podkisshego milk, 1 egg yolk, and 1 teaspoon of vitamin A in oil, sea buckthorn oil and cocoa. This should stir the mixture until a homogeneous state, thawing in a water bath.

Mask that matches your hair, rub in hair roots and cover with cellophane and head with a towel. After 2 hours wash hair and rinse decoction.

Tips:

Wash your hair with warm water without soap, and then gently massage the scalp, rubbing it for 10-15 minutes, cooking salt, then rinse hair thoroughly with water.

To prevent hair loss or to try to halt its own can only be in cases where it is due to improper or inadequate care of hair, a violation of the sebaceous and sweat glands, malnutrition hair roots. When hair loss is associated with a disease of the whole organism or individual organs must go to the doctor and undergo treatment.

After washing, rinse the hair very useful decoction of the following composition: Take to 4 parts of calendula flowers and shredded burdock roots, 3 parts of hop cones (should get about 50 grams of this collection), add 1 liter of water and boil for 10 minutes. After 30 minutes, strain.

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On the medical properties of cosmetic baths know everything.

Thousands of years people of different cultures from America to China using steam to maintain health and youthfulness of the skin. But there are always two or three hours to go through all circles of the ritual bath. Steam baths for the face – employment less troublesome, but no less effective.

Miracle-pair

The hot steam has beneficial cleansing action on the epidermis. Due to the high-impact dissolve grease caps and infiltrates – local compaction after inflammation ugrey.Pory disclosed in the form of water vapor penetrates into the deeper layers of the skin, clearing it of comedones – blackheads. Under the influence of heat increases blood circulation, accelerating metabolic processes in cells actively absorbed useful substances that make up the broth to steam bath. Procedure provokes sweating, at the expense of the toxins. Drops of water accumulated on the skin, trickling down, wash the separated at the surface of harmful substances.There is an active moisturizing the skin and, consequently, its rejuvenation.

Herbs for a couple

Cosmetic property couple can greatly multiply and connect it with the action of medicinal herbs and essential oils. Flushed skin absorb the active airborne volatile substances, significantly increases the penetrating power of healing micronutrients.

When cooking a steam bath, a 1.5 liter of boiling water 1-2 tablespoons of grated throw you a suitable collection of grass and 3-4 drops of essential oil. If you have dry skin perfectly suited broths mint, parsley, mother-and-stepmother, rose petals. Of the essential oils recommended sandalwood, rosewood oil, chamomile, jasmine, geranium, orange – the natural moisturizing and nourishing resources. The state of oily skin beneficial concoctions of wormwood, yarrow, St. John’s wort, chicory, chamomile, calendula, field horsetail. Of the variety of essential oils is better to choose oil of bergamot, grapefruit, rosemary, patchouli, clove, cedar, lemon balm, lemon – natural anti-inflammatory and antibacterial

Terms of use

Before using the steam baths to cleanse the face. For dry skin you can apply a small amount of nutrient cream. Then lower the head over the receptacle with prepared broth, one minute, hold the face open on the ferry to the skin used to the temperature. Realizing that you do not feel uncomfortable, cover with a towel so that it covers her head and a container of broth.Duration of treatment depends on the type of skin: dry skin in – 3 minutes, at normal – 5 minutes, for oily skin – 8-10 minutes.

At the end of time wash with warm water, massaging the face terry mitten or towel. Oily skin can be rinsed with cold water with lemon juice to reduce pores. Steam bath perfectly prepares a person to mechanical cleaning in the home, improves skin sensitivity to foods. Therefore, after the procedure is recommended to apply a hydrating mask, the effectiveness of their impact will increase by several times.

Steam baths for the best person to do the evening before bedtime. Night cream, prepared and applied on clean skin, along with regenerating sleep will give the best results. Pamper person steam procedure is recommended once every two weeks for oily or normal skin, and once a month when dry.

Nota Bene! It should be noted that steam baths are contraindicated in severe vascular net in the face with a very porous skin. People with sensitive skin, suffering from bronchial asthma, cardiovascular or cancer, to do the procedure is not recommended.

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What can say excessive sweating?

Where does the unpleasant odor and how to get rid of it? Here are the answers to the most important and interesting questions about deodorants and antiperspirant.

1. Why only armpit sweat?

In fact, sweat, every part of our body. Every square centimeter of human skin contains 100 sweat glands, but most of them on the palms, soles and armpits. Two types of glands – ekkrinnye and apocrine – are responsible for cooling the body and the allocation of the individual, specific smell human, respectively. Apocrine glands produce a special mucus that can be decomposed by bacteria present on the skin – hence there is a characteristic flavor. So, these special gland located only in the armpits and groin area, and therefore need deodorant besmear oneself from head to foot there.

2. How do deodorants and antiperspirants?

Deodorants are different from antiperspirants principle of action and composition. Antiperspirants inhibit sweating, and not necessarily contain any perfume. Their main components – an aluminum salt, which "dried" skin surface and thus do not give a smell to appear.

Deodorants also must neutralize the bacteria, because of which the secret glands secrete an unpleasant odor. They also include flavoring components – just in case, if the bacteria is not a means to cope.

3. Antiperspirants block the cancer – it means they are harmful?

This myth has swept through the world some 10 years ago. Some "expert" said that through the armpits of the body leaves the bulk of the toxins, and if you block this output, you can easily amass cancer. In fact, the proportion of toxins secreted through sweat is negligible, and for cancers not enough. In addition, blocking sweating in one place is usually offset by the body to another. Simply put, if you namazhete underarm antiperspirants, your body finds a way to cool down through another patch of skin – through the hands, for example.

4. Is it true that antiperspirants cause breast cancer?

This rumor had more serious reasons than the previous one. In 2007, a survey of 17 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer showed the presence of aluminum in their tissues. Then the doctors suggested that the blame for everything – antiperspirants containing, as mentioned, an aluminum salt. However, the lack of comparative data on other patients and the presence of aluminum in other parts of the body of patients put research results into question.

To date, science has no evidence that the use of antiperspiranov can lead to cancer. Quite the contrary. In 2002, a study involving 1600 women, half of whom suffered from breast cancer, showed the absence of any connection between the disease and hygiene.

5. Are there any natural resources?

Not knowing about deodorants, our great-grandmother rubbed on the armpits in vinegar, Europeans – lime, Asians – grated alum. Today the best natural remedy for sweating is a common baking soda – and cheap, and accessible. To prepare home deodorant, mix soda with corn starch – and tritium. You can drip your favorite essential oil, and you will truly breathe.

6. In what clothes less sweat?

Even if cosmetics are not helping you to fully cope with then choose the right clothes. This should be a free-cut blouse with long wide sleeves made of cotton and other "breathable" fabrics.

7. When sweating spoke about the disease?

Healthy people can be very sweat from the heat, nervous excitement or physical activity. Greatest sweating usually occurs in the armpits, palms and back. Sweats same at rest and in other parts of the body (hyperhidrosis) said the availability of health problems and can seriously reduce the quality of life. So if you encounter this problem, do not hesitate and contact your doctor.

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Mycosis … The vast majority of us to explain the meaning of this word is not necessary.

Effects of fungal diseases of the feet, many have experienced.

At the beginning of "mushroom" of the season, which peaks is in the summer, we decided to remind our readers about the main risk factors unpleasant affliction. To be exact, the most common of its species – onychomycosis, fungal nail disease, which is very easy to catch, but difficult to treat.

Age

Incredible, but true. For fungal infections of the feet of children molested rare. A favorite for onychomycosis age – from 30 years and above. Specialists of this phenomenon is explained by the fact that malyshni and nails grow fast and still strong immunity. Therefore the chances of fungus-parasite does not exist.

Gender

The incidence of onychomycosis is dependent not only on gender but on age. Thus, onychomycosis caused by yeastlike fungi of the genus Candida, 3 times more common in women than in men. But other kinds of fungal diseases legs suffer more representatives of the stronger sex.

Diseases

Why do some people have a fungus on his feet "sit", and the other does not stick? Trying to find the answer to this question, the doctors came to the conclusion: the reason – in ourselves, or rather, in the state of our body. Contribute to the emergence of onychomycosis: circulatory disorders of extremities in cardiac insufficiency and varicose veins, blood disorders, immunodeficiency states, dysbacterioses, endocrine disorders (diabetes, when, accompanied by metabolic disturbances in the body, feet mycosis detected 3 times more often than usual), and prolonged use of antibiotics, corticosteroids.

Inappropriate Hygiene

Catch onychomycosis – simple. Suffice it to vilify someone else’s shoes and walk barefoot on the wet floor of the pool, sauna or public shower. In anticipation of the new "owners" of the wet, especially the wooden surface of the fungal spores can live for years. The infection is transmitted through casual contact, by touching them with an infected person or with his swimming accessories. Often, and intra-channel when using a common footwear, towels, washcloths, rugs and bars in the bathroom as well as the lack of processing baths after washing.

Injuries

Vulnerable and at risk of contracting a regular visitor beauty salons. Slight damage to the nail during a pedicure or a manicure – and the "mushroom" your.

Profession

At risk groups – soldiers, athletes, miners, forced to walk for long periods in close shoes, as well as those who are on duty constantly forced into contact with water, synthetic detergents, degreasing agents, softening nail plate. Wet warm environment is an excellent breeding ground for the reproduction of pathogenic fungi. This onychomycosis more frequently recorded among residents of large industrial cities than in rural areas, which is further evidence that this disease is a "disease of civilization".

Individual features

Frequent victims of onychomycosis – people who suffer from excessive sweating of feet, which is based on a hereditary dysfunction of specific autonomic centers of the brain governing the work of the sweat glands. Promotes the development of onychomycosis and anatomical features of the foot, characterized by narrow interdigital intervals (this leg is worse than the "breathing").

Note

The diagnosis of "onychomycosis" is determined on the basis of clinical manifestations, depending on the type of causative agent, which can be defined only by a special analysis – microscopic examination of small pieces of nail, fungal. Similar research is also needed to prevent disease negribkovoy Nature (psoriasis, lichen planus, eczema), in which is also characterized by destruction of nail plate toes.

By the way

According to specialists, onychomycosis affects 10 to 20% of people. In 85% of cases the source of infection are fungi-dermatophytes. Recently, however, experts are increasingly identify mycosis mixed flora, which, along with the main agent of disease – dermatophyte – in the hearth diseases are yeast and / or molds.

The defeat of the nail plate, usually occurs the second time: first, fungi affect interdigital folds or sole. However, the possible development of isolated onychomycosis, when the pathogen penetrates directly into the nail plastinku.Vernym sign of fungal nail disease are: scaling, itching, clouding and thickening of the nail plate, whitish or yellowish plaque on the edge of the nail, its fragility.

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There is still a month of summer, but women already thinking about how to keep the resulting tan longer. Experts told how to do it.

There are many ways to maintain stability of sunburn, but the most effective – only some of them.

5 ways to keep a nice tan

1. Vitamin A

Under the influence of sunlight the skin becomes more dry. She needs extra food. Need to use lotions and sprays for the body to vitamin A and vitamin complexes eat inside.

2. Proper nutrition

Include in the daily diet of beef liver, milk, eggs, spinach, apricots, carrots, and fruits and vegetables, yellow and red colors.

3. Moisturize

Must apply after sun skin moisturizer.

4. No – sauna

Ate you often go to the sauna and bath, a tan on your skin for a long time will not be saved.

5. Coffee and Tea

During the bath, add the water a few teaspoons of brewed coffee or tea. Is also useful to wipe the skin with coffee or tea with ice cubes.

It should be noted that the resilience of sunburn depends on where you are sunbathing. Thus, a tan acquired under the southern sun, goes faster, but the "northern" tan more stable.

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Eczema - inflammation of the surface layers of the skin neuro-allergic nature, arising in response to external or internal stimuli, differing polymorphism rash, itching, and prolonged recurrent course.

Currently, 40 percent of all skin diseases falls on eczema, an increasing number of people suffer from this disease. For example, 30 years ago that number was 2-3 times smaller. Among children, the disease accounts for 15% (every 15 th child has eczema) in adults, this value is less than – 1-3% (1-3 persons suffering from eczema for every 100 adults). Rarely eczema begins in adulthood.

Eczema serious disease and if not start the right treatment at the first sign of disease, the disease can go into the chronic form and last a lifetime.

There are several main forms of eczema: true, microbial, seborrheic, professional, children, atopic.

Types of eczema

True eczema usually starts sharply at any age, occurs tolchkoobrazno with frequent relapses and usually turns into a chronic phase with periodic exacerbations. In the acute stage of the process is characterized by rash microvesicles (resulting spongiosis), located in the edematous erythematous background. Vesicles rapidly opened, exposing the small point erosion (eczematous wells), separating serous fluid (soak) – acute weeping eczema.

As stihaniya inflammation decreases the number of vesicles, erosion and dry up on the surface pockets appear defurfuration and small brown shriveled from vesicles. The transition process in the chronic stage occurs gradually, accompanied by the appearance of congestive erythema, scales and cracks. The lesions of erythema of the true differ in size, fuzzy outlines and are scattered like islands in the archipelago, alternating with areas of healthy skin. The process is usually symmetrical and localized mainly on the back of the hands, forearms, feet, children – on the face, buttocks, legs, chest. Disturbing itch. The process could take and other areas of the skin.

A variant of true eczema is disgidroticheskaya eczema, localized to the palms, soles and the sides of the fingers and is characterized by the appearance of numerous small vesicles with a tight lid 1-3 mm in diameter, resembling boiled sago grains. Erythema in the foci of destruction because of the large thickness of the stratum corneum in these areas is weak. Foci disgidroticheskoy eczema in the developed a clearly limited and often surrounded by a rim of exfoliating the stratum corneum, beyond which it can be seen in the exacerbation of new vesicles. In the center pockets are seen as mikroerozii, crust, flakes.

Microbial eczema often occurs due to secondary eczematization foci of pyoderma, mycoses (mycotic eczema), infected injuries, burns, fistulas (paratravmaticheskaya eczema), against the backdrop of trophic disorders of the lower extremities with signs of venous ulceration, lymphostasis (varicose eczema). Lesions with an often asymmetrically located, have sharp borders, rounded or scalloped outline, the periphery of which is often visible collar exfoliating the stratum corneum. The center presented juicy erythema with plate peels, after the removal of which revealed intense weeping surface, against which are clearly visible bright red small dot erosion with drops of serous fluid. Around the main focus visible microvesicles, small pustules, seropapuly. Allergic rash (allergid) can occur far from the main chamber.

A peculiar kind of microbial eczema is nummulyarnaya (coin-) eczema, characterized by the formation of sharply bounded round lesions with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 cm or more bluish-red color with vesicles, seropapulami, wet, scales on the surface. Lesions often localized on the back of the hands and extensor surfaces of extremities.

Seborrheic eczema is often associated with the presence of foci of lesions Pityrosporum ovale. Antigen may also play the role of Candida species and staphylococci. By the development of disease predispose seborrhea and related neuroendocrine disorders. Are affected the scalp, forehead, skin folds of ear shells, upper chest, interscapular region, folds limbs. On the scalp against dry skin hyperaemic arises a large number of gray scales scaly, yellow serous crusts, which is exposed after removal weeping surface. Boundaries clear pockets, hair glued. In the folds of skin – edema, hyperemia, deep painful cracks on the periphery of the foci – yellow scales or scale-crusts. On the trunk and limbs appear yellow-pink scaly patches with sharp boundaries, in the center of focus – sometimes melkouzelkovye elements.

Eczema in children manifested clinical signs of true, seborrheic and microbial eczema, while these features can be combined in various combinations, in some areas may dominate the signs of true, on the other microbial or seborrheic eczema. Signs of eczema in children (usually located on an artificial feeding) occur at the age of 3-6 months. Lesions are symmetric, their boundaries indistinct. The skin in the lesion focus hyperemic, puffiness, on this background are microvesicles and areas to soak in the form of wells, as well as yellow-brown crust, flakes, rarely papules. Initially affected cheeks and forehead (nasolabial triangle remains intact), then the process applied to the scalp, ears, neck, extensor surfaces of limbs, buttocks and trunk.Children suffer from itching and insomnia. The clinical picture of seborrheic eczema may develop already at the 2-3rd week of life against the background of reduced supply. Rash is localized on the scalp, forehead, cheeks, ushlyh shells in BTE and neck folds.

Professional Eczema - allergic skin disease that develops as a result of contact with irritating substances in its production. Initially affected exposed skin: dorsum of hands, forearms, face, neck, less often – lower leg and foot. Lesions hyperemic, edematous, with the presence of vesicles and itching to get wet. Over time, there are signs characteristic of true eczema. During the long, but regressed rapidly occurs after removal of contact with the allergen production. Each new aggravation more severe. Pathology Diagnosis is based on history, clinical manifestations, disease course, determine the conditions of work and the etiological factor of disease. Sensitivity to manufacturing allergens detected with skin tests or in vitro (strongly positive RTML, etc.).Occupational eczema patient should be transferred to work without contact with the production allergens that irritate the skin substances, adverse physical factors, with persistent flow occupational eczema patient osvidetelstvuyut for determining disability for occupational diseases.

Eczema runs chronically with periods of exacerbations and remissions and is often complicated by the accession of pyoderma, herpes.

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