MEDICAL

Modern dermatologists insist that Moidodyr deeply mistaken, praising scented soap.

Today it is a hygienic means of using less and less credibility with the scientists and doctors around the world.

Once upon a time there was no soap at all. And humanity washed and washed with water. The appearance of soap in one of the legends of people owe the people of the Roman village near Mount Sapo (in English soap – soap). Around this mountain committed traditional sacrifice. And animal fat produced during the burning of the victim, collects and mixed with wood ashes a fire. The resulting mass washed down by rain into the river Tiber, where the villagers washing clothes. After heavy rains the river was beginning to foam, and rinse clothes hostess noticed that pollution from the fabric leaving a lot faster.

However, even residents of the "Eternal City", famous for its soap factories, and public baths, use soap, which was made at the time, only when washing. In the same bath come to relax in the pool and to support a philosophical conversation.

In Europe, the formation of soap making revived only towards the end of XVII century. And for us a soap remained a foreign curiosity until the mid XIX century. Maybe for the better?

Clean and deceit

"The fact is that soap by definition – salt. Creating around himself an alkaline environment with a pH of 7 to 14, despite the fact that the acid-alkaline balance of healthy skin – 5,2-5,5, it helps damaged lipid barrier, – explains dermatologist Irina Skorogudaeva. - Surface-active agents (surfactants) saponify and dissolve the fat layer on the surface of the skin, which settles all the dust and dirt during the day. But along with the dirt and soap destroys the structural fats that keep the moisture in the deeper layers of skin.

As a result, the skin is deprived of natural protection, loses water and becomes available for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. And, the longer the contact with the skin of soap, the more likely the destruction of the hydro-lipid film.

Scientists estimate that healthy skin with a weakly acidic medium (pH 5,5) could safely be in contact with soap and water no more than 10-15 seconds. After a brief "interview" a protective layer of the epidermis is restored in one or two hours. Therefore, holders of dry skin are advised to refrain from frequent use of soap – it is more dehydrates the skin and causes irritation and peeling.

People with problem skin should not delude ourselves, though a soap can wash away the excess sebum and thus solve the "brilliant" problem. The fact is that oily skin is in itself is alkaline environment. And, in contact with soap, she more zaschelachivaetsya. Thus, problematic skin condition aggravated by: for pathogenic bacteria to create a real incubator for breeding.

Operation "Clean Hands"

However, the need to wash hands with soap and no one has repealed. Therefore, we must be able to understand the diversity of the foam.

According to experts, the most insidious soap – antibacterial. "It pretends to be our best friend, but in fact it is" Trojan horse ", – says Irina Skorogudaeva. - Killing up to 90% of harmful germs, antibacterial soap for the company and destroys useful bacteria on the skin surface. However, as always, the villains are more tenacious: harmful bacteria appear on the skin much more quickly useful and are free to reproduce, causing irritation or even worse – contamination. In addition, triklozanovym not use soap daily. From the regular use of this component is born "habituation effect" – that is, after a while pathogenic microflora simply stop responding detergent and soap can no longer exert its antibacterial effect. Therefore, such funds are encouraged to use only in cases where the situation is fraught with infection – in patient care, after visiting the clinics or during work in unsanitary conditions, etc.

For daily use you should choose a soft soap. But "soft" – in a figurative sense, but not directly. From the consistency of soap, it turns out, nothing depends.

Liquid soap seems to fear is. It seems that it is soft and gentle tool can not mistreat the skin. But as they say, the exterior is deceptive. "The difference between the liquid and soap is only bare the fact that the first is on the basis of potassium alkali, and the second – of sodium. But our skin is not irrelevant. Liquid soap wins hygiene in a solid except that that is a fixed-dosing ", – said Dr. Skorogudaeva.

With a light heart can handle a baby soap. First, it passes the most stringent control by the SEA. Secondly, it is almost always colorless and odorless. That is an opportunity to get an allergy because of the dyes and perfumes minimal. Thirdly, in the children’s soap includes natural antiseptic ingredients: extracts of chamomile, calendula, sage, thyme. This soap to cleanse and not hurt.

Favored for the skin and moisturizing soap, especially glycerine. However, it is not a drop of moisturizing … During those few seconds, stay on the skin when foam hand wraps, moisturizing ingredients simply do not have time to penetrate the deep layers of the epidermis and to make his good deed. But glycerine soap is much softer than usual – due to a large number of moisturizing ingredients.

Well, most affectionate and caring can be called various sorts of cream-soap. 1 / 2, they consist of a moisturizing cream, which covers the skin of a thin protective film, preventing excessive water loss. This soap can be used safely every day.

Council for each day

To empirically investigate the security of soap, just soap hands. The more abundant the foam forms, the more aggressive surfactants contained in the soap. Weak foam, coping with the basic task – clean, practically does not violate the skin pH, thereby taking care of her hands gently and thoroughly.

Popularity: unranked [?]

Shampoo, shower gel, shaving foam – some of them can be really dangerous.

"Natural" deception

Even if the advertising claims that some cosmetics – absolutely natural, do not hurry to trust it. According to experts in the field of cosmetic chemistry Irina Korzun, manufacturers typically cunning, speaking of the natural ingredients. First, the criteria of "naturalness", which you can check the tool does not exist.Secondly, all natural cosmetics can not be stored for a long time, have a pleasant texture and appearance. Therefore, natural and synthetic ingredients are usually combined.

We read on the packaging

SHAMPOOS. In the majority of shampoos, shower gels, and even toothpastes contain sodium lauryl sulfate (sodium lauryl sulfate – that means an ingredient on the packaging). Thanks to him, cosmetics good foam and wash the mud. However, if the use of such funds on a daily basis, in large quantities, and badly washed with water, the skin becomes irritated, weakened its protective function. As a result – dryness, dandruff. If you already have a problem with the skin or hair, try not to use cosmetics with this component. Least irritating shampoos – those that do not foam too much.

Hair dyes. In the means for bleaching hair comprising sometimes contain the toxic ammonia (ammonia), which can cause irritation of mucous membranes of eyes, nose, respiratory tract.Incidentally, the same effect is dibutyl phthalate (dibutyl phthalate), often found in nail varnish.

CREAMS. Without the mineral oil (mineral oil, petrolatum) did not cost many creams. In fact, this technical oil, which is produced from petroleum. Mineral oil forms a film on the skin and thus delays the moisture perfectly moisturizing skin. On the other hand, the film does not allow the skin to breathe and prevents its normal functioning. Glycerol (glycerin) as well moisturizes the skin – but due to the fact that "pulls" water from deep layers, so that with prolonged use, you’ll get the opposite result – dehydration. And with the mysterious ingredient called DMAE (DMAE) is used in most creams, designed to smooth wrinkles and improve skin elasticity. However, scientists argue about what the price: perhaps wrinkles disappear by increasing the volume of cells, some of whom later dies.

Deodorants. In any deodorants you will find an aluminum salt (aluminum acetate, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate). Sweating, of course, will not be as intense, but keep in mind that these ingredients can cause severe skin irritation, allergies.

Powder, shadow and rouge. If in the color cosmetics you find dye amaranth (amaranth), better get rid of it – in many countries amaranth banned as a toxic substance.

How to deal with preservatives?

In any cosmetics if it contains at least a few months, there are preservatives that prevent bacteria to multiply. For example, bronopol (2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1 ,3-Diol) is part of many funds, but recent studies argue that bronopol involved in the formation of carcinogenic substances, so be careful. Suspicion falls and formalin (DMDM Hydantoin) – it negatively affects not only the bacteria, but also on cells of the skin, easily penetrates the skin. In Europe, its concentration in cosmetics is strictly limited. As the concentration of formaldehyde (formaldehyde), the contents of which Russia producers regulate themselves. Formaldehyde can cause skin reactions. Medium containing this preservative should be carefully washed with water and not give him a long time contact with the skin.

Expert Opinion

Dermatologist, cosmetologist Karina Borisov:

- All components of cosmetic products, even with tangible side effects is approved for use. Especially if you use these funds for long, may not encounter a negative reaction. But, of course, described negative features – a reason not to experiment on yourself, do not blindly trust the advertising. Think what price the manufacturer promises to make skin smooth, voluminous hair, eyes and lips – expressive.

Popularity: unranked [?]

The unfortunate heroine of Andersen’s fairy tales doomed to constant pain when walking, because she got rid of the fish’s tail. In real life, are her "gifts" – charges for negligence to his own feet.

Recalls we are only when they are at least in small things go wrong. Immediately loses its stability and reduces speed. And instead of the normal productive life, we started shaped ordeal.

Bursting at the seams

Just yesterday, everything was in order, and this morning in the area of heel pain, there is clear, as with scratches or cuts. The reason lies in a crack, and well, if only one. Typically, this attack is numerous. Force behind the appearance of cracks on the heels, some doctors believe hormonal changes in the body, others – the reaction of the skin to wear uncomfortable shoes, and others called viral infections. One view is that the cracks always occur where there is complete lack of proper hygienic care of their feet.

Fix a problem: cracks in the feet will heal well if they are lubricated with vegetable oil

How to avoid it: every evening to inspect the soles of the feet to detect unwanted changes. Nothing happens "suddenly" every ailment is prepared. To prevent this, it is recommended each night to lubricate the skin a special cream to the soles of the feet.

Three of the living

One of the most painful and stubborn diseases that can happen with his feet – blisters. Blisters, ichor, long healing, hardened tissue in place of the former corn – it’s all very interferes in daily life. It is believed that they arise because of the close of shoes. But not only. If you do not save from friction, then the body is experiencing an acute shortage of vitamin A.

Fix a problem: if things had gone too far and had time to cure corns, better to turn to a dermatologist. These corns are not treatable with home remedies. "Fresh" corns can be easily affected, for example, salt softener trays.

How to avoid it: first of all, it is necessary to correctly choose shoes to its raznashivanie not take years. It is advisable to wear shoes made of genuine leather. Furthermore, it is worth regularly take vitamin A, it is enough to eat carrots a day.

Sore muscles 



It occurs when fatigue and tired legs were very fast. Just walk a foot for two stops – and already whine tibia. Particularly vexing is slightly, but the palpable pain before bedtime, getting good sleep. Also manifest age and lack of exercise. Here are the muscles and relax, dryablovatymi steel, do not want and can not support us when walking.

Fix a problem: try to quickly remove the nagging pain, sitting "cross-legged." First, it would seem that painful sensation intensified, but after a few minutes it settles down. Then pour good legs to his groin with cool water and a little lie.

How to avoid it: of course, can not do without a gym. It is necessary to tighten the muscles, add them to the tone, increasing blood circulation. There are simple exercises: lying in bed, grab your toes sheet and pull it up or during a prolonged forced standing on tiptoe, lifted and lowered. Идеальное средство – велосипед.

"Mushroom" time 



Toenails were yellow, between fingers itching on the soles, too, some suspicious-looking red spots. For you granted the fungus. You can catch it in someone else’s shoes – is the most common way, as well as in public places had to take off our shoes and splash barefoot. To all consecutive fungus is warranted. He chooses victims with weakened immunity, with a bouquet of cardiovascular disease.

Fix a problem: a dermatologist at the reception! As a separate action can lubricate the legs cream containing tea tree oil – a natural antibiotic, which is able to stop the development of infection.

How to avoid it: first of all, keep your feet clean and dry and watch, whose slippers you are getting ready to shove. Also avoid wearing shoes and socks, in which the feet do not "breathe", sweating profusely and create on their own robes ideal conditions for the development of fungus.

The forced introduction 



You think someone is trying to pull the tongs you thumb nail. Especially when you try to make a step. So there is a ingrown nail. Typically, the introduction of soft tissues occurs in the upper corners of the nail bed – nail smartly turns aside and begins to grow into. Why? Perhaps you have a congenital defect of the nail plate and the nail does not grow forward and downward or sideways. Or uncomfortable tight shoes bent him and forced to grow "wrong". Or, as you gape and obstrigli nail on time, giving him every chance to frolic in open spaces.

Fix a problem: sometimes have to do the operation. If the nail is not far "left", you can take a risk and self-bend corner rounded ends ingrown nail scissors – and it immediately obstrich.Then, treat the injured finger antiseptic.

How to avoid: very simple – to cut your nails regularly, and not on a case by case basis. The tendency to ingrowth is usually evident long before the critical moment. 



Typical injury

It happens that you slightly dislocated leg – and themselves did not notice. Dislocation legs may not even be a few days, and then a sudden movement will cause pain to flare up so that the eyes will tear. This so-called prolonged trauma. It does not bother discomfort, but conceals the effect of an unexploded grenade that was detonated in the worst possible moment.

Resolve: Apply ice to the sore spot, wrapped in a towel and plastic bag, leave for 30 minutes. Well helps correctly imposed elastic bandage.

In many cases, to optimize the treatment prescribed time systemic medications, local and external use. It is important that measures of personal hygiene. Remember that only a doctor can properly diagnose, determine the cause of anxiety and appoint the required treatment.

Popularity: unranked [?]

Has long been known that the same thing in small doses is a medicine, and in large – poison. This is also true for the ultraviolet rays that cause the formation of sunburn on the skin.

Tanoreksiya (from the English. Tan – tan) – morbid passion to tan regardless of the season. Affected she mostly teenage girls 13-16 years old. Particularly relevant to the problem is the widespread decks – from stationary to professional household. It is in solariums "zagaromanki" actively support its shape throughout the year, not knowing or not paying attention to the recommendations and warnings of doctors. At the same sun has its pluses and minuses.

Here are some sayings of adolescents exposed tanoreksii and visiting a solarium a few times a week during the past year. "If I’m going to the solarium at least 1 day, I start to feel the white and transparent." According to his mother, a daughter can not keep from going to the solarium, while the risk of developing skin cancer in their family is high – the disease is detected at the grandmother of the young British women.

Another 15-year-old girl every spare moment holds in the sun, winter visits solarium at least three times a week, during the annual family holiday in Greece, "toasts" to yourself until the color of skin does not equal that of local residents. "I know that already" hooked ", but nothing I can do about it. As soon as I start to feel white-skinned, I immediately want to turn back his tan back. After visiting the solarium, I feel more confident. "

Seems a year-round golden or chocolate skin tone becomes a kind of self-affirmation way – like smoking, alcohol or drugs. And suffer while in the first place of self-health. Doctors from different countries that are concerned about the health of their young citizens, trying to restrictive methods to protect adolescents from overuse solariums. Doctors and politicians fly steadily rising numbers of skin cancer among the younger generation.

In the UK, which is not spoiled by sunny days, tanoreksiya among adolescents taking epidemic. British Medical Association (British Medical Association) and the Institute of Cancer Research (Institute of Cancer Research, UK) made a formal introduction of the ban on visits to tanning salons adolescents under 16 years.

In the U.S. lawmakers of one of the sunniest states – California – offer a complete ban teenagers under 18 years of age to attend the solarium. State Senate intends to pass a law prohibiting teens sunbathing in special lounges, if a tan is not prescribed to them by a doctor. In 27 other states to visit tanning teens must obtain parental consent. However, some restrictive measures have never been quite effective.

Program Real Story, выходящая the BBC, conducted its own investigation. 14-year-old girl went around 10 tanning salons, randomly selected in the British city of Newcastle (Newcastle). In seven of them age girls are not asked and freely admitted to the solarium.

President of the Australian National Committee of dermatological (National Skin Committee) believes that adolescents exposed tanoreksii not because of his own stupidity, but because of the appallingly low awareness of the possible consequences. It should be noted that the incidence of skin cancer in Australia – one of the highest in the world.

Scientists are concerned that young people are confident in complete safety sunbathing in solariums, which is not true. The revelation came much later – when developing serious complications. And well, if not these complications in time to see, diagnose and cure.

Popularity: unranked [?]

Corn – it is not only pain, gait and ugly in a bad mood. They do not wear shoes and open! How to avoid the appearance of corns and quickly get rid of those that have already been formed?

Most calluses are formed from uncomfortable shoes, especially from the close of shoes with high heels. Pressure on the foot is uneven, and problem areas meet coarsening of the skin. On the other hand, toes, or rather, corns, may be indicative of internal diseases. The fact is that our foot – the finest chip body and the appearance of blisters suggests that somewhere there is a problem.If corns appear regularly, in spite of your constant care of a foot, go to the survey – your body needs help.

Sometimes a whole day to walk on his heels. Returning home, first make a hot tub for the feet, then obleyte legs with cold water, massage cream and wear soft socks and most free shoes.

If rubbed leg close shoes, redness and swelling quickly transformed into water bubbles. Good prophylactic against abrasions considered bath with nettle: two tablespoons of extract from crushed leaves per liter of warm water. Then do the massage with a fat cream.

If the sore spot, or even a bubble on the heel yet formed, disinfect the skin with a concentrated solution of manganese or Zelenkov bactericidal and seal tape. Try to do this procedure as quickly as possible – on damaged skin quickly formed cracks in which bacteria can enter, and then perhaps inflammation. For this reason, open the blister, especially at the base, can only be a sterile needle. You then need to disinfect the skin, apply antibiotic ointment or calendula, and seal the damaged area plaster or bandage. You can also hold his feet in a warm bath, and then lubricate the skin with a mixture of starch, glycerin and pure tar (sold in pharmacies without a prescription), respectively, in the ratio 3:3:1.

Remove rough skin and tough calluses help chronic daily soda soap bath: dissolve in two liters of hot water a teaspoon of soda, a tablespoon of nastrugannogo soap, a teaspoon of liquid ammonia. If blisters around the inflamed skin, add a strong infusion of chamomile, calendula, plantain.

If a painful corn, summer is well apply to the skin just got mashed plantain leaf. Relieves pain and a warm bath with potassium permanganate slightly pink color with the addition of a teaspoon of salt. Hold your feet for 15-20 minutes and then did not wipe – the pain will pass quickly. If dilute potassium permanganate to dark brown in color, hold in solution only the skin with corn, and then lubricate the corn iodine, it can withdraw entirely. Not immediately, of course. Repeat the procedure every other day at least 6 – 8 times.

Painful blisters on the soles helps to treat daily soap-soda bath with Epsom salts. After it should poskoblit corn pumice and grease fat cream. Delete these blisters can, if you regularly at night to lubricate their camphor alcohol. Often, plantar callus as it merges with the wart, and takes root, which on top of the skin have the form of the beam processes. There can not do without cryodestruction in the beauty salon or clinic. Do not run these calluses, warts, they have a viral origin and appear in other places can be quite fast.

To prevent well ingest vitamin A – it is well softens the skin. It is also helpful to wipe the skin foot piece of tomato or tomato juice, but if the blisters have already formed, so the easiest way to deal with them: after the soap-soda baths with ammonia and salt gently rub pumice stone or callus scratch with a blunt knife.

To the procedure was painless and effective, soar feet should be no less than an hour. After a bath to wipe his feet dry and at night to tie the skin of a lemon – white skin is considered a proven remedy for corns. Flatten corn also helps the fresh onion juice, garlic, aloe, and natural propolis – gently apply a drop of liquid on the callus, and the skin around the smear with vaseline or zinc ointment. A few days the skin calluses softened and easily removed by scraping. Cure painful blisters will also potato poultice: pulp from raw potatoes pribintuyte to corn for two hours, then replaced by the new compress.

If you want to get rid of calluses quickly, try to pour into the bread crumb a few drops of vinegar essence, and tie the bread to corn. This method is painful, but corn is literally burned to the ground. Do not forget to smear vaseline or zinc ointment surrounding skin. Very painful blisters between the toes. Help prevent them soft pads with a hole in the middle. With such protection is not afraid of the narrowest shoes – and still look out the legs, do not wear a "stud" from morning till evening. If you’re an incorrigible fashionable, buy shoes in a size greater than – the secret has saved many mannequin legs.

Popularity: unranked [?]

Congenital nevoid malformations of blood vessels of the dermal layers of skin. Are an expression of cosmetic defects. Moreover, defects quite dangerous, sometimes even for the life of the patient.

Injury, the injury of superficial blood vessels, always leads to more or less marked bleeding. The biggest danger is damage to the cavernous hemangioma with large cavities and with the deep vessels. Great caution should be treated with hemangiomas blood type, because when this can even be jetting bleeding.

Other serious complications include ulceration necessary. No fewer problems creates the development of phlebitis and thrombophlebitis.

Types of hemangiomas:

Capillary hemangiomas, in turn, are divided into the following clinical types:

Popularity: unranked [?]

Stretch marks (striae) – a skin lesion, which may manifest itself in the form of purple, mauve, pale pink or very discolored strips, which are hard to miss.

Each woman will sooner or later faced with the problem of stretch marks, but not everyone knows what it is. Stretch marks usually appear during periods of increased hormonal activity, such as during pregnancy (especially on the 3 rd month), during puberty, a sharp increase or decrease the weight, may be a manifestation of pituitary Cushing’s (both in principle and other manifestations of hypercorticism ) and junior dispituitarizma.

Blame the adrenal glands, namely increased activity of hormone leads to the formation of stretch marks. Stretch marks occur during pregnancy, mainly on the abdomen, thighs, armpits, chest and buttocks. Stretch marks can appear already at the third month of pregnancy, so it is the time to begin to take security measures. If you did not have stretch marks during the first pregnancy, it does not mean that there will not be during the second.

Pregnancy at a young age contributes to the appearance of stretch marks. About 10% of adolescent girls and boys equally, in the 12-13 years are beginning to visibly plump. Fat deposits are increasing on the hips, waist, buttocks, neck resembles a buffalo. This so-called youthful dispituitarizm. Adrenal produce excess hormones – glucocorticoids. When they become too much, accelerated protein breakdown, there is a redistribution of fat – the body lays too much in reserve. This process often leaves a "long-playing footprint" – a pinkish-purple striae.

Banners at hypercorticoidism – excessive synthesis of adrenal glucocorticoids, also appear thin purple stripes on the skin. Catabolic (accelerating decay) the impact of excess glucocorticoids on the skin, fat and muscle tissue causes the appearance of stretch marks due to the inhibition of activity of fibroblasts, which leads to loss of collagen and connective tissue.This causes thinning of the skin, along with erythrocytosis (increased number of red blood cells) causes the purple stretch marks (sometimes). Then, stretch marks with each passing day is becoming thinner and thinner, pale pink, pale purple and gradually fade altogether.

In adrenal tumors may also develop hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex with the formation of excess glucocorticoids. This so-called primary hypercorticoidism or Itsenko-Cushing’s syndrome, a symptom which is also the appearance of stretch marks on the body.

It is better to prevent the appearance of stretch marks, then try to cure what has already appeared, the more that get rid of them completely will not succeed. Be sure to use special creams and gels during pregnancy, starting from the third month. If you decide to lose weight, too, do not forget to buy a cure for stretch marks.

Popularity: unranked [?]

Brilliant, beautiful, always well-groomed hair is an ornament of their owner and a sign of health.

But the conditions of our environment (polluted environment, stress, lack of vitamins, etc.) lead to the destruction of hair follicles and hair gradually moving out of my head. Starts baldness. It can be inherited or be age.

Diseases, prolonged use of drugs and emotional stress also have an adverse impact on the quality and growth of hair. Sometimes this hair may thin out – so-called pattern baldness, but it is only a temporary phenomenon, the result of the shortened life cycle of the hair follicle, premature entry into resting phase. Trichologists – modern experts on hair – Notes: the problem of patients younger hair. However, the disease can quickly lead to no hair loss, and to ensure that they will be more subtle, fragile and less shiny. If a serious illness will lead to the large amount of hair at the same time enter into resting phase, it will be immediately noticeable, as they poredeyut and may even appear receding hairline. But after a few months, new hairs grow back. Sometimes pregnancy can also be accompanied by a similar effect. It often happens that after the birth of a child from my mother’s hair begin to fall. When they grow back again – and it can take up to 2 years – they may have quite the same as before, the appearance, for example, a wavy or straight instead of curly.

The reasons for hair loss are many:

Hair loss (alopecia) – is almost always a sign of disruption of the body: people suffering from any chronic illness, can not boast the luxury of a healthy head of hair. Therefore, the fight against hair loss to start with a medical examination. First, you should consult a endocrinologist, immunologist and trichologists. And it is better to apply to specialized centers, where there is everything necessary for the diagnosis and treatment. Trichologists found that every person on the head about a million hair follicles, but hair grows only from 100-150 thousand.Sometimes better not to fight for the preservation of falling hair and stimulate the activity is not working so far follicles. Individually selected vitamin and mineral complex will enhance the action of the basic course of treatment of hair. Identify the composition of the missing vitamins and trace elements helps mineralogramma.

When begun baldness should not immediately give up, looking at razvoroshennuyu hair. Understand the causes of alopecia, diagnose your body. For hair loss associated with disease, physical exhaustion or pregnancy, is solvable. Or perhaps you are a small bald spot, open your "Socratic" forehead.

Seriously speaking, it should be noted, why hair loss is usually exposed to a man and as a rule, in certain areas. Science refers to any degree of baldness alopecia (from the Greek. Alopex – «fox", which are known to molt annually suffers ugly). Please be aware that there are three main types of alopecia – androgen, or male, alopecia, and traumatic. Omniscient statistics claims that the average issue of alopecia is highly relevant for 40-50% of men and 20-30% of women throughout the world. Men and women lose their hair differently. First, men’s hair begins to fall from the top (doctors call this "cap Cardinal"), or from his forehead ( "angles privy councilor), whereas in women hair falls evenly from the entire surface of the head (" hair-melting ").

The most common form is androgenic alopecia, which occurs approximately 95% of balding men and women, when the body produces increased amounts of 5-alpha reductase – an enzyme that converts the male hormone (testosterone) into dihydrotestosterone. As a result of declining phase of the hair follicle and it can produce only a barely noticeable Pushkova hair. At the same time reduce the life cycle of the hair, causing it gradually becomes thinner and falls. Women in the blood also contains male hormones. Raising their level as a result of a hormonal malfunction may cause alopecia. On the surface of the follicles (the main part of the hair bulb) have receptors that are equally willing to take the molecule as a male (testosterone) and female (estradiol) hormones. Women just need a cage to keep the hair. Men have the same follicle death, even if you were only one of the receptors. That is, the more receptors and less estradiol in the blood, the more likely bald. Number one and the other is genetic. Very often a gene that starts the process of hair loss, inherited from the father or the maternal line from his grandfather. "Received" by inheritance bald patch may already outlined in his youth: 70% of cases of early hair loss is to blame genes. I suffer from it, according to statistics, 10% of men and 5% of women. The hair follicles on the head have more receptors than other parts of the body. At the same time with age in men activated male hormone. In the zone of the crown and forehead hair follicles are killed because the interaction of male hormones to receptors on hair follicles. A bulb of the occipital and temporal regions devoid of such receptors. But with women, are prone to alopecia is much less than men, everything is clear: the number of estradiol, they have a lot higher.

Appearance androgenetic alopecia are quite typical. In men, it develops, usually closer to 20 years, women – in 20-30 years. There is hair loss, which occurs in waves, alternating with periods of remission. Often this is coupled with increased activity of sebaceous glands, which makes patients more likely to wash my hair, which further strengthens the hair loss. Hair gradually becomes thinner, it becomes more colorless. In connection with the shortening of hair length anagenovoy phase also becomes smaller.

According to conventional classification, both men and women differentiate androgenetic alopecia for male and female, type I-V and I-III degrees, respectively.

In alopecia for male pattern observed thinning triangular shape in the temporal areas (I degree), then in the forehead and neck (II degree). III corresponds to the degree of diffuse thinning in the central-parietal region, with its progression of hair are only a small area between the frontal and central-parietal region (IV degree), this plot over time disappears (V degree). Perhaps the gradual development of total alopecia, but for women it is usually not observed.

Female androgenetic alopecia different type of clinical manifestations. It is characterized by focal thinning in the central-parietal region, which has oval shape. An important feature is the absence of alopecia at the temples and above the forehead. I corresponds to the degree of poorly expressed, II degree – moderate, III – strongly expressed alopecia. It is believed that women’s development of II degree of hair loss indicates the presence of hyperandrogenism, usually due to changes in the ovaries; III level there is usually a pre-or postmenopausal at younger ages – in the presence of pathology as the ovaries and adrenal glands.

There were also a diffuse hair loss that usually is an early stage anrogeneticheskogo alopecia, or baldness age. Often it is a form of telogen hair loss (though occasionally also occurs anagenovaya form of diffuse alopecia). It should be noted also that there are physiological variations telogen hair loss: the loss of hair during pregnancy and after childbirth, is thinning at girls aged 16-19 years is senile or presenile hair loss in old age. However, in all these cases, you must be sure we are not dealing with the initial stage of androgenetic alopecia.

So-called alopecia, or rapid, alopecia occurs much less androgenic – about 10% of all cases of hair loss. However, it was she who gives the most trouble sudden appearance, as well as irregular hair loss. Propleshiny gene responsible for the sixth chromosome. Why – the science is unknown. But it is the unexpected change in the sixth chromosome, which can happen with everyone, provokes lymphocytes (cells that are useful and even vital) to attack the cells of the follicles.

Traumatic alopecia is a consequence of burns, mechanical damage to hair, intensive chemotherapy used in the treatment of oncological diseases, etc.

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Have a nice thick hair today in all respects is not cheap. We need to start from the master – the correct choice of shampoo. How to distinguish good from bad?

How do we buy shampoo? Very simple! First, we drew a distinguishing feature: for oily hair, dandruff, with extract of ginseng, hypoallergenic … Then – the smell. Finally, the design of the bottle: nice, if it looks beautifully on the shelf in the bathroom.

In fact, more importantly, how well shampoo performs its main function – cleaning. This is where the main danger lies in wait. When your hairdresser friend says that all samples of mass production poured from one tank, it is not so far from the truth. Write a cheap shampoo is very simple: backup is taken and it is poured cleansing agent, thickener and water. You can even simpler: buy concentrate from the manufacturer and diluted with water. All product is ready, the case for the packaging and label.

To shampoo match internationally accepted standards of dermatology softness, you must enter a recipe many additional components. What? In doing so, we with you and to understand.

Portrait in Detail

The basis of any shampoo are so-called surfactants (surface-active substances). They are quite aggressive, destroy the protective surface of the hair, but they have dignity and unconditional: equally effectively washed in cold and hot water, well distributed on the hair, creating a thick and dense foam. To balance the aggression of strong detergents, shampoos enter into good, soft surfactants, synthesized from amino acids (eg, raw materials often serve as coconut fatty acids).

Small producers do not use the cheapest means of mild surfactants in general, or use them in insufficient quantities. The result of this washing lamentable: scales, forming the surface of the hair stand on end, hair clinging to each other and break down. From dryness and irritation of the scalp and suffering.

It’s nice when shampoo creates a thick and rich foam. To do this, he injected foam stabilizers and thickeners. In the cheap brands for these purposes is often used salt, that hair is not helpful. Self-respecting brand adds a softer components.

Absolutely natural cosmetic products today simply do not exist.

Well, if it is composed of more and conditioning agents. They counterbalance the rigidity of the surfactant, envelop hair, smooth rearing scales, discharge the static stress and facilitates combing. Most of them proven – dimethicone.

For us, more important, some consistency in shampoo. Pleasant shade of pearl, soft creamy texture make cleaning a pleasure. All this is provided by special supplements – high-alcohols or organic acids.

Any further action, whether fighting dandruff or moisturizing dry hair, suggests the presence of shampoo biologically active substances. They regulate the activity of sebaceous glands and accelerate the growth of hair, make them less fragile, struggling with dandruff. Impossible to list them all: the list of hundreds of both known and exotic names. The most common: lecithin, extracts of nettle, chamomile, coconut, calendula, evening primrose, ginseng, seaweed.

The main problem associated with bio-additives – their concentration. Depends upon it all: for example, if a dandruff shampoo will be less than 4 g of Australian tea tree oil per liter, the effect just will not. So when manufacturers advertise expensive ingredients in cheap products, most likely, they are just telling the whole story: either the vaunted components there is no general, or the concentration is too low.

Safety

Few who read inspiring tiny bukovki list of ingredients on the bottle. However, if you’ve a head of hair, a shampoo manufacturer is unknown, use the two Councils.

Read the shampoo – a useful thing. Pay attention not to the large announced on the front side of ingredients ( "Now – with seaweed!"), And the major players of which are listed under. To name just lauritsulfat sodium (the most common washing base) and dietalonomidy fatty acids (the most common thickening agent), and the rest – water and lots of dietary supplements, most likely, the manufacturer wants to save money on your hair.

Note that the leading world and Russian producers list of ingredients begins and ends with fifteen forty names. Of these, 5 to 10 – only a list of surfactants. This does not wish to poison our chemistry: on the contrary, the more detergent components include a shampoo, the lower the concentration of each. This means that fewer and stimulating effect.

Comment specialist

Olga Dmitrieva, physician trichologist beauty salon:

- If you have problems with hair, the preference is better to give professional trihologicheskim shampoos. Manufacturers of mass production do not hide: that is written on the bottle, often does not match the content. A professional shampoo is all claimed ingredients, and the most active of these are listed first. Selection of necessary means of physician-trichologist begins with computer diagnostics. It allows you to see the root of the problem – to evaluate the condition of the hair bulb, hair shaft, scalp.

Literate hair care is no different from the care of a person. In addition to shampoo and conditioner, it necessarily includes therapeutic lotion that is applied after washing. There are lotions for all occasions: regulating fat, struggling with dandruff, can help dry, relaxed, colored hair, etc. Improve the structure of the hair cuticle, helping to strengthen and medical masks.

Trihologicheskie line should not be confused with pharmacy series. The latter always contain medicinal ingredients. Because of this often makes itself known withdrawal syndrome: if you stop using this shampoo for dandruff, it will appear again. Pharmacy means can not be used for a long time, trihologicheskimi same – they want. A huge range of products allows us to solve your problem and ensure a smooth transition to other drugs.

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For the skin of the neck is particularly useful hydrating mask, aging, making skin more elastic, smooth and elastic.

From dough. When you cook cakes of dough, otschipnite from him a small piece. Roll this piece of dough into a thin strip in the neck. Wrap the dough neck. Top wrap a towel. Keep 15-20 minute. After this, wipe the skin 1 teaspoon lemon juice, diluted in 1 tablespoon water.

From the cottage cheese. 2 tablespoons cottage cheese pound with 1 teaspoon of sour cream and 1 teaspoon of unrefined vegetable oils. The mass of a thin layer of lotion to the skin of the neck and decolletage. Hold for 20 minutes. Rinse with warm broth of wild camomile. This mask is recommended to do 1 time per month.

Mashed potatoes. Add a small amount of mashed potatoes 1 tablespoon vegetable oil or 1 beaten egg, all stir well, apply on your neck in hot form. On top, place a piece of cotton fabric. After 20 minutes, wash your neck with water at room temperature.

Potato mask with honey. Rub 2 hot potatoes, add 1 egg yolk, and 1 teaspoon of honey and olive oil. The resulting mixture to cause a wide piece of gauze and tie round his neck. On top of the gauze to put cellophane and wrap the neck towel. The duration of the mask for 15-20 minutes. Wash off with warm water and rinse the skin extract lime color. For infusions of 1 tablespoon of herbs poured 0.5 liters of boiling water. Draw for 20-30 minutes and strain (the skin is better refresh if the infusion, add 1 teaspoon lemon juice or 1 teaspoon of salt in 1 cup of infusion). 

If you decide to pay more attention to their appearance, and you have free time, then think of compresses, which are very useful for the skin of the neck.

Hot compress mask with vegetable oil. Soak gauze or cotton wool with warm (40-45 ° C) non-refined vegetable oil. Wrap the tie around the neck and neck with a cloth, and then with plastic wrap. Wrap top of the neck with a towel. Hold for 20 minutes. Remove wrap and pat his neck with a napkin.

Contrast compresses. Prepare 2 bowls of hot and cold water, the water can be added sodium or, better yet, sea salt (2 teaspoons to 1 liter of water). Soak a small towel or terry towel in hot water and good overcame him, put on his neck, tightly wrapped. To compress tightly to the neck, its ends must hold in both hands. After 2-3 minutes, the same way, place a cold compress. Repeat this process 2-3 times. Then Spread neck nourishing cream or olive oil.

Compress a decoction of herbs. Take a handful of fresh herbs – parsley, sorrel, tarragon, rosemary and pour over them boiling milk 1/4l. After 15 minutes, remove the grass and lay on a piece of thick fabric. Maximum compress of herbs, soaked in milk bind to the neck and leave on for 20 minutes. When you uncheck it, the skin should dry without wiping. After the procedure Spread skin nourishing cream.

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